History of Banten Warrior

Jawara Banten

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In part of western Java community in general and in particular Banten, where the winner has a series of very long history. Jawara is not a figure of naming newly emerged yesterday afternoon, its existence is suspected has been around since the days of the Sunda kingdom stand that until now still exist, even in Banten itself since the 19th century group of champions have become part of the elite of society besides the clergy and the civil service.For the people of Banten and its surroundings, clerics seen as community leaders who became the most important source of informal leadership. Community obey the clergy because the clergy saw as a highly respected. In contrast to the position of the clergy, the civil service and the winner is a social group whose position does not exceed the position of the clergy. But among the three, clerics and warlords into a typical class in this area. Both likened like two sides of a coin, even for emotional closeness between them, the champion considered the "khodam his" clergy. Because of the ulamalah most of the "science" that champions come from. Therefore, it is no exaggeration to call Banten Taufik Abdullah, as "the land of the scholars and champions".Over time, the public perception of Jawara have an understanding of diverse, ranging from positive to negative. Understanding of diverse people is inseparable from the lunge figure Jawara, who had a pretty big role in the three-time history in Banten and West Java, the Sunda KINGDOM period, the Sultanate of Banten, AND THE FUTURE OF COLONIAL DUTCH. Later, the life of a champion with a distinctive character building it creates a sub-culture of the new culture of Banten and the surrounding community, the Subculture of Violence (sub culture of violence).This problem came to light as a result of contamination of the values ​​kejawaraan so most people there are who judge the winner synonymous with thuggery. As a subculture of violence, the champion has certain motives in doing violence. So they developed a style of language or speech is typical, that seemed very rude (sompral) and personal appearance are different from the majority community. like dressed in black and wearing a dagger weapon (Atu Karomah, Jawara and Culture of Violence in Society Banten, Thesis S2UI). The final appearance is what most people commonly identified with the traditional martial art.Historical interpretation of terms JawaraThe absence of recording of the beginning emergence histographia term community champions Banten and West Java, makes it difficult to know for sure when and where the use of this Jawara term given to someone who has the physical and supernatural kunggulan, and tend to use violence to resolve any problems. So is the case with the term itself champions. Walk through the process of the emergence of new champions term limited social history (oral tradition) is "stamboom" instead of "Geschiedenis" or "history", who are academically difficult to be accounted for.From stamboom there, most people agree to appoint Banten area as the place where the term first appeared, because the winner is one edentitas Banten very famous people. Until the development spread to several surrounding areas including the Betawi-Pantura Bekasi, Bogor and Priangan simultaneously with the commencement of the Post Road project Deandles (RM. Taufik Djajadiningrat, Historical and Genealogical Brief The Sinuhun Sultanate of Banten, 1995: 121-122).Based on the record of a historical researcher Lebak, Miftahul Falah, S.S outlines that the social history of Banten society itself has four interpretations of the process of the emergence of the term winners.The first interpretation, when the kingdom of Sunda using a group of people as a mediator or liaison between the community and its king. They have the authority not only serve the king and the people, but also to defend and protect it. In everyday they have to Khasan in dress and lifestyle, such as good in risking chicken, good at playing martial arts and have knowledge "kadugalan" resistant sharp weapons as supernatural strength. In the next, playing skills and immune parried into the following main characteristics of this group that gave birth to the title winners.
 The second interpretation, when in the Sultanate of Banten held by Maulana Hasanuddin. In the face of Pajajaran particularly striking forces, Sultan formed a group of people in a special forces led by Maulana Yusuf. Each member has the advantage inwardly and outwardly, militant and capable of destroying quickly infiltrated the government center in Pakuan Pajajaran. Special forces unmarked named Tambuhsangkane, which moves with the name of the Banten sultanate. Militant nature of which is owned by the special forces are to grow brave nature and then nurtured continuously. From them, he went on the winners.The third interpretation, F.G. Putman CRAEMER, Resident Banten (1925-1931), the term champion begins with the formation of associations Orok Lanjang by a group of youths in Menes District Pandeglang, which means literally as "baby adulthood". The village association was originally established to improve family relationships in a single environment, providing aid and service in all activities including helping the community in organizing a party or event village.Gradually the task assigned to the group of young people as a hometown event organizer becomes an obligation, if not invited or assigned as an officer of the organizers they will disrupt or even derail the proceedings. On development, the group has evolved into an organization bouncer known as a champion. They become frightening specter for the organization of society, to the extent that local civil authorities can not act firmly to them.The fourth interpretation, the term winners arise when the resistance against the Dutch colonial government in the 19th century that is driven by the clergy. Ulama who generally have two groups of students who are educated based on their talents and abilities, where the first group is the students who have talent in the field of religious knowledge which will replace the scholars later. They were equipped with science lessons in addition to knowledge of Islam as a science base.The second group is the students who have the talent and ability in the field of martial. This second group of educated and nurtured her physical strength with martial arts martial arts, and provided with integrated science lessons but much less portion than the first group of students. They were assigned to carry out terror against the Dutch colonial government and his henchmen. This second group later called the champion.The fifth interpretation, the term appears as expressed champion Taufik RM Djajadiningrat, when the start of the Post Road, Deandles (1808-1811) between Anyer-Panarukan. Construction of roads were very detrimental to the people's cause rebellion among the warriors martial arts, known by the events of the First War. This uprising of events led to the nickname of a champion that is addressed to them.At first term has a meaning as a champion of the hero, by definition good in risking chicken and martial. In addition, they also have the ability to demonstrate the science of immunity. Abilities that are used by the champions to defend and create a sense of security and tranquility in their environment. The ability they have because of his position as an informal leader in the midst of society, both during the kingdom of Sunda, Banten sultanate, as well as in the Dutch colonial administration.A shift in meaning champion contaminated with negative things happening in the 19th century when Banten and the surrounding marred by chaos and robbery yangtiada tare. It is then by the Dutch colonial government used to form a negative stigma to the fighters of the martial arts warriors and scholars. This negative stigma deliberately created the Netherlands in an attempt to provoke people to think of them as troublemakers, vandals and robbers. So stigmatizes all the winners are bandits so that the resistance in the form of social movements, which are intended to resist foreign occupation is considered as onsluten (mischief), ongergeldheden (uprising), complot (conspiracy), woelingen (chaos), and Onrust (insecurity).Since then the martial arts warriors and scholars who hold the resistance is regarded as a champion, which is an acronym of the creature-rampog nga Wani (who dare to rob) or people who beani cheat / liar (jalmawani nga-rahul). This negative connotation continues to develop until the 20th century, and up to now not a few people who are influenced by the negative stigma Dutch.

Along with the time, Jawara who feel trapped in a negative connotation image created Dutch society, trying to counter the champion creature term nu friendly wani (people who whiz brave and friendly). Of course there are also a handful of winners who have negative attitudes, but this can be resolved at the group's internal "kejawaraan" it itself. Generally within an organization kejawaraan there are rules that are conventional to resolve the problems, especially against a champion who behave negatively.
Terminology Champion, Stud, and ThugsIn general a champion is defined as one who had a knack bermainsilat and have certain skills. Unlike the robber or thief, a figure they are capable of maintaining the safety and security of the village, so therefore should respect their existence. In general, the champion was very obedient to the clergy, because of the spirit in their souls obtained from the clergy. On the ground Betawi itself almost has the same meaning, but the term champion for native Betawi people departing from the term "cut letter" Betawi native tongue is juware or unbeaten champion in martial "play fist" or pencaksilat.
In contrast to the champion, the word is derived from the word "cock" which, according to Ridwan Saidi is a loanword from Portuguese Jogo which means "champion" or champion (Ridwan Saidi, glossaries Betawi: 43). On the other hand according to oral tradition, the champion is a rather general term for the group "bouncer" and a scrappy. Hotshot more positive tone than thugs in the present term. Stud is the name for members of the public were influential and respected in the village, a strong man, a bouncer and brave. In the hierarchy, the hero is considered it is lower than the champion. For as as mentioned above, the winner can be considered as another term for warriors, knights who featured the public as a person who likes to give protection and physical keselamatansecara to society, also regarded as the elder or elders.
And what about the thug ?. Etymologically thug is from Dutch loanword, Vrijman which means "free man" or in English is called a free man. In Dictionary Indonesian will be found at least 3 thugs sense of the word, namely:1. private, private, non-government, not the army, civil.2. The designation wicked (who likes to squeeze and do the crime)3. porters who worked on the fields.
In general terms it can be concluded thugs as pejorative designation (the word clothing condescension) that is often used to refer to the activities of a group of people who earn their income primarily from the exploitation of other community groups.
Of the three terms above, we should still be able to distinguish the meaning, function and role of each in society. So we are not in a hurry to justify a person based on his behavior.

Labuan, 1 March 2009(5 Robbi al Awal 1430 H)
By: Gusman "Jali" Natawidjaja

Source article:

    Atu Karomah, Jawara and Culture of Violence in Society Banten, Thesis S2 UI, Jakarta
    Dictionary BesarBahasa Indonesia, Jakarta BP 1996
    Miftahul Falah, S.S, Kejawaraan In Dynamics Lebak, Jakarta1995
    Ridwan Saidi, glossaries Betawi, Jakarta 2007
    RM. TaufikDjajadiningrat, Historical and Genealogical Brief The Sinuhun Sultanate of Banten, Jakarta1995
    Rosary & Dagger, Kharisma Study research team Kyai & Jawara in Banten, Serang STAIN, 2002Source: http://silatindonesia.com/